Recent clashes between Pakistan and Afghanistan along their border have heightened tensions, driven by differing views on border demarcation and ongoing militant activities. Pakistan-India relations remain strained due to disputes over Kashmir and cross-border terrorism, with occasional violence and accusations of hostility. China’s influence, especially through the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), adds another layer of complexity, strengthening ties between Pakistan and China while raising concerns in India and the West about shifting regional power dynamics. Meanwhile, Pakistan’s relationship with Azerbaijan continues to grow, marked by strengthened cooperation in defense, energy, and trade—particularly regarding energy security—aligning both countries’ strategic goals.